Reverse Osmosis Pretreatment Chemicals, Membrane Cleaning Chemicals, Membrane Autopsy, Membrane Characterization, Antiscalants, Stabilizer, Membrane Foulants, Microbiological, Media Filtration, Clarifier Aids from PWT
Professional Water Technologies: Reverse Osmosis Specialty Chemicals: Antiscalants, Stabilizers, Membrane Cleaning Chemicals
About Professional Water Technologies Professional Water Technologies develops, manufactures and sells specialty chemicals for industrial and commercial reverse osmosis processes. With a complete line of Reverse Osmosis pretreatment and maintenance products, comprehensive analytical and technical capabilities, and a progressive research and development group, Professional Water Technologies offers solutions to maximize the efficiency and economy of Reverse Osmosis operations. From the early stages of market research and technical R&D, Professional Water Technologies continuously focuses on creating better products for maintaining and operating industrial and commercial reverse osmosis systems. Professional Water Technologies does not simply blend chemicals originally designed for cooling towers and boilers. Instead, we design and synthesize our own unique line of specialty polymers and proprietary high technology surface active maintenance products specifically for Reverse Osmosis applications. The result is a unique Reverse Osmosis chemical product line that maximizes the operating efficiency, economy, and longevity of Reverse Osmosis systems. MetaGuard™ MetaGuard™ powder antiscalant and stabilizer controls inorganic scale, metals and colloids in Reverse Osmosis feedwaters, reducing membrane fouling tendencies and minimizing membrane cleaning requirements. It is compatible with all membrane types and system components, ensuring product reliability. As a powder, MetaGuard™ reduces shipping weight by 96% and shrinks storage space requirements by 95% compared to liquids. It is packaged in 1.8 pound (0.816 kg) and 20 pound (9.1 kg) packages which are equivalent to 5 gallons (18.9 liters) and 55 gallons (208.2 liters) of liquid antiscalant. MetaGuard™ is easily mixed into solution and maintains performance integrity at extreme pHs and temperatures. MetaGuard is stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. Further, this product will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane at high concentrations. Therefore, accidental overdosing will not adversely affect system components or membranes. MetaGuard contains no phosphonates or phosphate derivatives. This unique attribute allows it to perform without contributing to metal precipitation on the membranes. Further, it will not cause biological growth in tanks, piping, or the Reverse Osmosis. MetaGuard™ is typically dosed into feedwaters at the rate of 2 - 6 ppm of the liquid mixture and it may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS™ antimicrobiological pretreatment. SpectraGuard™ SpectraGuard liquid antiscalant & stabilizer controls inorganic scale, colloids, lignins and cellulosic material in Reverse Osmosis feedwaters. Its unique performance characteristics provide users with more complete control over system feedwaters, reducing membrane fouling tendencies and minimizing membrane cleaning requirements. SpectraGuard is compatible with all membrane types and system components, ensuring product reliability. SpectraGuard maintains performance integrity at extreme pHs and temperatures and is stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. Further, this product will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane at high concentrations. SpectraGuard contains no phosphonates or phosphate derivatives. This unique attribute allows it to perform without contributing to metal precipitation on the membranes. Further, it will not cause biological growth in tanks, piping, or the Reverse Osmosis. SpectraGuard is typically dosed into feedwaters at the rate of 2 - 6 ppm and it may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS antimicrobiological pretreatment. As a liquid, SpectraGuard is ready to use and may be injected neat or it may be diluted to accommodate any system size. SpectraGuard is available in 5 gallon (18.9 liter) pails, 55 gallon (208.2 liter) drums, totes, and in bulk. SpectraGuard SC™ is a liquid super-concentrate which provides users the convenience of a 5 gallon (18.9 liter) pail super-concentrate equivalent to a standard 55 gallon (208.2 liter) drum of SpectraGuard. SpectraGuard SC cuts shipping volume by 1,000%, making it ideal for high volume users. Titan ASD 200™ Titan ASD 200™ antiscalant/dispersant reduces membrane cleaning requirements by controlling membrane fouling from inorganic scale, metals and colloids. It is an economical alternative to polyacrylic acid homopolymers, acrylic-acid/maleic-acid copolymers, polyacrylamide and acrylamide copolymers and has a comparable performance. The powder version of Titan ASD 200™ reduces shipping weight by 96% and reduces space requirements by 95% compared to liquid antiscalants. This unique attribute reduces shipping costs, makes storage easier and eliminates drum disposal requirements. Titan ASD 200™ powder is packaged in 1.8 pound (816.5 grams) and 20 pound (9.1 kg) increments which are equivalent to 5 gallon (18.9 liter) and 55 gallon (208.2 liter) sizes. The normal dosage rate for this product is 2 - 5 ppm of liquid mixture. As a powder, Titan ASD 200™ dissolves quickly and completely in water and is compatible with all membrane types. Further, this product remains stable in the presence of metals such as iron and may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS™ antimicrobiological pretreatment. Titan ASD 200™ will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane even at high concentrations so membranes are safe if the product is accidentally overdosed. This product contains no phosphonates or phosphonate derivatives so it cannot contribute to microbiological growth in tanks, piping, or in the Reverse Osmosis.
Professional Water Technologies develops, manufactures and sells specialty chemicals for industrial and commercial reverse osmosis processes. With a complete line of Reverse Osmosis pretreatment and maintenance products, comprehensive analytical and technical capabilities, and a progressive research and development group, Professional Water Technologies offers solutions to maximize the efficiency and economy of Reverse Osmosis operations.
From the early stages of market research and technical R&D, Professional Water Technologies continuously focuses on creating better products for maintaining and operating industrial and commercial reverse osmosis systems. Professional Water Technologies does not simply blend chemicals originally designed for cooling towers and boilers. Instead, we design and synthesize our own unique line of specialty polymers and proprietary high technology surface active maintenance products specifically for Reverse Osmosis applications. The result is a unique Reverse Osmosis chemical product line that maximizes the operating efficiency, economy, and longevity of Reverse Osmosis systems.
MetaGuard™ powder antiscalant and stabilizer controls inorganic scale, metals and colloids in Reverse Osmosis feedwaters, reducing membrane fouling tendencies and minimizing membrane cleaning requirements. It is compatible with all membrane types and system components, ensuring product reliability. As a powder, MetaGuard™ reduces shipping weight by 96% and shrinks storage space requirements by 95% compared to liquids. It is packaged in 1.8 pound (0.816 kg) and 20 pound (9.1 kg) packages which are equivalent to 5 gallons (18.9 liters) and 55 gallons (208.2 liters) of liquid antiscalant.
MetaGuard™ is easily mixed into solution and maintains performance integrity at extreme pHs and temperatures. MetaGuard is stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. Further, this product will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane at high concentrations. Therefore, accidental overdosing will not adversely affect system components or membranes.
MetaGuard contains no phosphonates or phosphate derivatives. This unique attribute allows it to perform without contributing to metal precipitation on the membranes. Further, it will not cause biological growth in tanks, piping, or the Reverse Osmosis. MetaGuard™ is typically dosed into feedwaters at the rate of 2 - 6 ppm of the liquid mixture and it may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS™ antimicrobiological pretreatment.
SpectraGuard liquid antiscalant & stabilizer controls inorganic scale, colloids, lignins and cellulosic material in Reverse Osmosis feedwaters. Its unique performance characteristics provide users with more complete control over system feedwaters, reducing membrane fouling tendencies and minimizing membrane cleaning requirements.
SpectraGuard is compatible with all membrane types and system components, ensuring product reliability. SpectraGuard maintains performance integrity at extreme pHs and temperatures and is stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. Further, this product will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane at high concentrations. SpectraGuard contains no phosphonates or phosphate derivatives. This unique attribute allows it to perform without contributing to metal precipitation on the membranes. Further, it will not cause biological growth in tanks, piping, or the Reverse Osmosis. SpectraGuard is typically dosed into feedwaters at the rate of 2 - 6 ppm and it may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS antimicrobiological pretreatment.
As a liquid, SpectraGuard is ready to use and may be injected neat or it may be diluted to accommodate any system size. SpectraGuard is available in 5 gallon (18.9 liter) pails, 55 gallon (208.2 liter) drums, totes, and in bulk. SpectraGuard SC™ is a liquid super-concentrate which provides users the convenience of a 5 gallon (18.9 liter) pail super-concentrate equivalent to a standard 55 gallon (208.2 liter) drum of SpectraGuard. SpectraGuard SC cuts shipping volume by 1,000%, making it ideal for high volume users.
Titan ASD 200™ antiscalant/dispersant reduces membrane cleaning requirements by controlling membrane fouling from inorganic scale, metals and colloids. It is an economical alternative to polyacrylic acid homopolymers, acrylic-acid/maleic-acid copolymers, polyacrylamide and acrylamide copolymers and has a comparable performance.
The powder version of Titan ASD 200™ reduces shipping weight by 96% and reduces space requirements by 95% compared to liquid antiscalants. This unique attribute reduces shipping costs, makes storage easier and eliminates drum disposal requirements. Titan ASD 200™ powder is packaged in 1.8 pound (816.5 grams) and 20 pound (9.1 kg) increments which are equivalent to 5 gallon (18.9 liter) and 55 gallon (208.2 liter) sizes. The normal dosage rate for this product is 2 - 5 ppm of liquid mixture. As a powder, Titan ASD 200™ dissolves quickly and completely in water and is compatible with all membrane types. Further, this product remains stable in the presence of metals such as iron and may be injected from the same tank as BioGuard ACS™ antimicrobiological pretreatment.
Titan ASD 200™ will not precipitate, crystallize, or blind the membrane even at high concentrations so membranes are safe if the product is accidentally overdosed. This product contains no phosphonates or phosphonate derivatives so it cannot contribute to microbiological growth in tanks, piping, or in the Reverse Osmosis.
Membrane Pretreatment and Cleaning Chemicals, Preservatives, Media Filtration and Clarifier Aids
Products: Membrane Pretreatment Chemicals BioGuard ACS™ Membrane Pretreatment Chemical BioGuard ACS™ controls microbiological activity in membranes by inhibiting cell growth and adhesion to the membrane surface and flow channels thus reducing membrane cleaning requirements. This method of control is unique to BioGuard ACS and is manufactured exclusively by Professional Water Technologies. Unlike conventional methods of microbiological control, BioGuard ACS does not rupture cells so TOC levels do not increase, the Reverse Osmosis membrane surface does not become fouled by cell remnants and other microorganisms are not fed by cell fragments. By controlling cell metabolism, BioGuard ACS inhibits the production of cell waste products which form the biofouling matrix. By controlling both cell adhesion and metabolism, this non-oxidizing method of controlling microbiological organisms reduces membrane cleaning requirements and improves system performance. BioGuard ACS Reverse Osmosis chemicals is compatible with all membrane types and system components ensuring product reliability on-line. BioGuard ACS is also inherently stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. It may be applied as an on-line continuous feed or as a periodic hot-shot treatment. BioGuard ACS Reverse Osmosis chemicals are available in liquid form or a powder form which reduces shipping weight by 96% and shipping volume by 95%. It may also be introduced from the same injection point as any PWT reverse osmosis pretreatment antiscalant/dispersant. BioGuard Shock™ non-oxidizing biocide Reverse Osmosis chemical BioGuard Shock™ is a fast acting, non-oxidizing biocide Reverse Osmosis chemical that rapidly neutralizes critical cell enzyme systems and kills most microorganisms within minutes. In addition to the instantaneous kill capabilities of BioGuard Shock, the product is unique in that it degrades in as little as 30 minutes to carbon dioxide, ammonia, and bromide ion. BioGuard Shock™ typically kills 99.99% of microorganisms prior to degradation yet has minimal environmental impact. BioGuard Shock™ is easily mixed into solution and remains in solution throughout the membrane system. The recommended dose is 100 mg/l in CIP systems or as a periodic shock treatment. OrganoGuard™ process aid OrganoGuard™ is a process aid Reverse Osmosis chemical designed to control organic fouling of membrane separation systems. Utilized at ppm levels, OrganoGuard™ controls organics in process streams containing refined and unrefined oils, vegetable byproducts from food processes, dyes and chemicals from textile processing, cellulosic and chemical byproducts from paper mills and other organics found in treatment processes. A preventative maintenance program including OrganoGuard™ reduces cleaning requirements while maintaining optimum operating efficiency of the processing system. OrganoGuard™ utilizes a unique polymeric system to stabilize and separate hydrophobic and weakly hydrophilic organics by use of a unique surface active chemical physics process. Hydrophobic organics are separated and stabilized reducing maintenance requirements of the membranes. Weakly hydrophilic organics are also stabilized as water soluble molecular complexes which minimize membrane fouling of separation systems. OrganoGuard™ is stable in the presence of both cationic and anionic polymers so it may be safely used in conjunction with most other chemical pretreatments. Products: Membrane Cleaning Chemicals Lavasol™ liquid membrane cleaning chemicals Lavasol™ liquid membrane cleaning chemicals integrate the most recent biodegradable polyelectrolyte formulations to effectively remove organic and inorganic foulants from today`s polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Each cleaner dilutes quickly and easily to form a solution that vigorously releases membrane foulants without harming the membrane surface. A regular maintenance program including Lavasol™ membrane cleaners ensures optimum system performance. OptiClean™ powder membrane cleaners OptiClean™ powder membrane cleaners integrate the most recent biodegradable polyelectrolyte formulations to effectively remove inorganic and organic foulants from today`s polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Each cleaner mixes quickly and easily into solution to form a liquid solution that vigorously releases membrane foulants without harming the membrane surface. A regular maintenance schedule including OptiClean™ membrane cleaners ensures optimum system performance. OptiClean A removes calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, iron, and other metal oxides from polyamide thin-film composite and CA membranes. OptiClean B removes silt, colloids, microbiological, mucilaginous material, and most acid insoluble membrane foulants from polyamide thin-film composite membranes. OptiClean C is a medium pH cleaner that safely and efficiently removes silt, colloids, microbiological, mucilaginous material, and most acid insoluble membrane foulants from CA membranes. OptiClean S removes silica from polyamide thin-film composite, CA, and UF membranes. Products: Preservatives Preservol™ powder membrane preservative Preservol™ powder membrane preservative allows membranes to be stored for short and extended periods without loss of performance. As a powder preservative, Preservol™ is easier to handle and has a smaller storage footprint. It may also be transported more economically. This product is reliable at extreme temperatures and has an extended shelf-life, maintaining product stability long-term. Preservol™ is safe for use on polyamide thin-film composite membranes, cellulose acetate membranes, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes. Products: Media Filtration and Clarifier Aids FilteRx® Media Filtration and Clarifier Aids FilterRx media filtration and clarifier aids are specialty blends of inorganic compounds and organic polymers that maximize the efficiency and economy of industrial filtration and clarifier processes. FilteRx products aid in the reduction of turbidity, color, and colloidal constituents in a variety of process streams. Free scientific testing to determine ideal dosing and application procedures. May be Fed neat or diluted as needed. Compatible with all PWT Reverse Osmosis pretreatments at standard dosage concentrations. Available in 5 gallon, 55 gallon, and bulk quantities.
BioGuard ACS™ controls microbiological activity in membranes by inhibiting cell growth and adhesion to the membrane surface and flow channels thus reducing membrane cleaning requirements. This method of control is unique to BioGuard ACS and is manufactured exclusively by Professional Water Technologies.
Unlike conventional methods of microbiological control, BioGuard ACS does not rupture cells so TOC levels do not increase, the Reverse Osmosis membrane surface does not become fouled by cell remnants and other microorganisms are not fed by cell fragments. By controlling cell metabolism, BioGuard ACS inhibits the production of cell waste products which form the biofouling matrix. By controlling both cell adhesion and metabolism, this non-oxidizing method of controlling microbiological organisms reduces membrane cleaning requirements and improves system performance. BioGuard ACS Reverse Osmosis chemicals is compatible with all membrane types and system components ensuring product reliability on-line.
BioGuard ACS is also inherently stable in the presence of multivalent ions such as iron. It may be applied as an on-line continuous feed or as a periodic hot-shot treatment. BioGuard ACS Reverse Osmosis chemicals are available in liquid form or a powder form which reduces shipping weight by 96% and shipping volume by 95%. It may also be introduced from the same injection point as any PWT reverse osmosis pretreatment antiscalant/dispersant.
BioGuard Shock™ is a fast acting, non-oxidizing biocide Reverse Osmosis chemical that rapidly neutralizes critical cell enzyme systems and kills most microorganisms within minutes.
In addition to the instantaneous kill capabilities of BioGuard Shock, the product is unique in that it degrades in as little as 30 minutes to carbon dioxide, ammonia, and bromide ion. BioGuard Shock™ typically kills 99.99% of microorganisms prior to degradation yet has minimal environmental impact.
BioGuard Shock™ is easily mixed into solution and remains in solution throughout the membrane system. The recommended dose is 100 mg/l in CIP systems or as a periodic shock treatment.
OrganoGuard™ is a process aid Reverse Osmosis chemical designed to control organic fouling of membrane separation systems. Utilized at ppm levels, OrganoGuard™ controls organics in process streams containing refined and unrefined oils, vegetable byproducts from food processes, dyes and chemicals from textile processing, cellulosic and chemical byproducts from paper mills and other organics found in treatment processes. A preventative maintenance program including
OrganoGuard™ reduces cleaning requirements while maintaining optimum operating efficiency of the processing system. OrganoGuard™ utilizes a unique polymeric system to stabilize and separate hydrophobic and weakly hydrophilic organics by use of a unique surface active chemical physics process. Hydrophobic organics are separated and stabilized reducing maintenance requirements of the membranes. Weakly hydrophilic organics are also stabilized as water soluble molecular complexes which minimize membrane fouling of separation systems.
OrganoGuard™ is stable in the presence of both cationic and anionic polymers so it may be safely used in conjunction with most other chemical pretreatments.
Lavasol™ liquid membrane cleaning chemicals integrate the most recent biodegradable polyelectrolyte formulations to effectively remove organic and inorganic foulants from today`s polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Each cleaner dilutes quickly and easily to form a solution that vigorously releases membrane foulants without harming the membrane surface. A regular maintenance program including Lavasol™ membrane cleaners ensures optimum system performance.
OptiClean™ powder membrane cleaners integrate the most recent biodegradable polyelectrolyte formulations to effectively remove inorganic and organic foulants from today`s polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Each cleaner mixes quickly and easily into solution to form a liquid solution that vigorously releases membrane foulants without harming the membrane surface. A regular maintenance schedule including OptiClean™ membrane cleaners ensures optimum system performance.
Preservol™ powder membrane preservative allows membranes to be stored for short and extended periods without loss of performance. As a powder preservative, Preservol™ is easier to handle and has a smaller storage footprint. It may also be transported more economically.
This product is reliable at extreme temperatures and has an extended shelf-life, maintaining product stability long-term.
Preservol™ is safe for use on polyamide thin-film composite membranes, cellulose acetate membranes, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes.
FilterRx media filtration and clarifier aids are specialty blends of inorganic compounds and organic polymers that maximize the efficiency and economy of industrial filtration and clarifier processes. FilteRx products aid in the reduction of turbidity, color, and colloidal constituents in a variety of process streams.
Professional Water Technologies Services: Membrane Cleaning, Membrane Autopsy etc.
Professional Water Technologies Services PWT offers complete analytical services from basic element membrane autopsy to membrane cleaning chemicals and scanning electron microscopy of membrane surfaces. This array of services is designed to provide clients with comprehensive and reliable analytical information so the most effective Reverse Osmosis pretreatment and maintenance methods may be recommended. The following available services: Water Analysis PWT`s high sensitivity water analysis is useful in determining the concentrations of key elements which may affect the performance characteristics of reverse osmosis operations. Our standard quantitative analysis determines concentrations of different constituents to ppm and ppb concentrations Element Analysis PWT technicians have the ability to test individual 4-inch and 8-inch membrane elements at the membrane manufacturer`s original testing parameters. Testing is useful for determining changes in flux rates, delta pressure, and salt rejection, before and after membrane cleaning procedures Element Autopsy PWT`s Element Membrane Autopsy service begins with a thorough examination of both the exterior and interior of the element. During the element membrane autopsy, foulant samples are collected and used in further analytical procedures such as Loss On Ignition, Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Biological Testing, or Infrared Analysis Membrane Foulant Analysis PWT`s Membrane foulant analysis determines specific morphology of the foulant and is useful in determining the most appropriate cleaning and pretreatment regimen. A variety of membrane foulant analysis services are available Loss On Ignition PWT`s Loss On Ignition Test is used to determine the relative percentages by weight of organic portion to inorganic portion of the foulant. During the Loss On Ignition test, PWT technicians dry the foulant sample at 110ºC and heat the foulant to 550ºC. This procedure destroys the organic material in the sample. A weight loss on ignition is then calculated from foulant weights measured before and after exposure to the higher temperature. The Loss On Ignition is referred to as a percentage of the foulant sample and is generally considered to be representative of the organic portion of the foulant. The remaining percentage is generally representative of the inorganic portion of the sample. Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis PWT`s Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis begins with scanning electron microscope (SEM) imagery which identifies different inorganic membrane foulant components. X-rays are directed to specific targets in the sample, producing spectra which identify the specific chemical elements of the sample. This test is useful in identifying key inorganic foulants and scale so membrane pretreatment and membrane cleaning efforts may be optimized. Membrane Characterization PWT technicians use specially machined cells to test the individual performance characteristics of flat-sheet membrane ``coupon`` samples using standard Reverse Osmosis membrane test conditions. Such testing is useful in optimizing membrane cleaning procedures and improving membrane performance. Infrared Analysis PWT technicians use infrared analysis to identify organic membrane foulants. Infrared absorbance/wavelength characteristics are electronically compared to a 71,000 spectra library for identification. By specifically identifying organic membrane foulants, optimum cleaning and pretreatment recommendations may be made to ensure the best possible Reverse Osmosis system performance. Biological Analysis PWT technicians provide standardized biological analyses to identify specific types of biological growth and their relative aggressiveness. The standardized testing, when used in conjunction with professional microscopic analysis, is used to identify heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, slime forming bacteria, iron-reducing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, fluorescent psuedomonads, and other microbiological growth. Such information is valuable for optimizing a cleaning regimen and pretreatment methods for membrane separation processes. Scanning Electron Microscopy In addition to a standard Scanning Electron Microscopy, PWT`s backscatter electron imaging (BSE) capabilities give technicians a unique advantage in evaluating particle structures. Backscatter Electron Imaging distinguishes between particles based on atomic weight (the darker the particle image, the heavier the atomic weight). Scanning Electron Microscopy and Backscatter Electron Imaging, when combined with PWT`s unique Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis, is a valuable tool in determining specific membrane scale and foulants so membrane cleaning and pretreatment may be optimized. Microscopic Analysis PWT technicians use microscopic analysis in conjunction with other analyses such as SEM, T-EDXA, and biological analyses to identify membrane foulants. Once membrane foulants have been identified, optimum cleaning methodology and chemicals may be tested. Further, ideal membrane pretreatment strategies may be implemented to reduce future fouling problems. Membrane Cleaning Service with PWT Membrane Cleaning Chemicals Professional Water Technologies provides membrane cleaning services for 4 inch and 8 inch polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Membranes are cleaned in either 1M or 2 M (one membrane or two membranes) vessels so cross contamination and setback are minimized. All membrane cleaning services are guaranteed to be satisfactory using PWT Membrane Cleaning Chemicals Pilot Testing Plant In the development and design phases of a new Reverse Osmosis plant, it may be beneficial to run a pilot testing plant. PWT offers custom in-house and off-site pilot testing services and technical assistance to ensure optimum system design and performance.
PWT offers complete analytical services from basic element membrane autopsy to membrane cleaning chemicals and scanning electron microscopy of membrane surfaces. This array of services is designed to provide clients with comprehensive and reliable analytical information so the most effective Reverse Osmosis pretreatment and maintenance methods may be recommended.
The following available services:
PWT`s high sensitivity water analysis is useful in determining the concentrations of key elements which may affect the performance characteristics of reverse osmosis operations. Our standard quantitative analysis determines concentrations of different constituents to ppm and ppb concentrations
PWT technicians have the ability to test individual 4-inch and 8-inch membrane elements at the membrane manufacturer`s original testing parameters. Testing is useful for determining changes in flux rates, delta pressure, and salt rejection, before and after membrane cleaning procedures
PWT`s Element Membrane Autopsy service begins with a thorough examination of both the exterior and interior of the element. During the element membrane autopsy, foulant samples are collected and used in further analytical procedures such as Loss On Ignition, Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Biological Testing, or Infrared Analysis
PWT`s Membrane foulant analysis determines specific morphology of the foulant and is useful in determining the most appropriate cleaning and pretreatment regimen. A variety of membrane foulant analysis services are available
PWT`s Loss On Ignition Test is used to determine the relative percentages by weight of organic portion to inorganic portion of the foulant. During the Loss On Ignition test, PWT technicians dry the foulant sample at 110ºC and heat the foulant to 550ºC. This procedure destroys the organic material in the sample. A weight loss on ignition is then calculated from foulant weights measured before and after exposure to the higher temperature. The Loss On Ignition is referred to as a percentage of the foulant sample and is generally considered to be representative of the organic portion of the foulant. The remaining percentage is generally representative of the inorganic portion of the sample.
PWT`s Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis begins with scanning electron microscope (SEM) imagery which identifies different inorganic membrane foulant components. X-rays are directed to specific targets in the sample, producing spectra which identify the specific chemical elements of the sample. This test is useful in identifying key inorganic foulants and scale so membrane pretreatment and membrane cleaning efforts may be optimized.
PWT technicians use specially machined cells to test the individual performance characteristics of flat-sheet membrane ``coupon`` samples using standard Reverse Osmosis membrane test conditions. Such testing is useful in optimizing membrane cleaning procedures and improving membrane performance.
PWT technicians use infrared analysis to identify organic membrane foulants. Infrared absorbance/wavelength characteristics are electronically compared to a 71,000 spectra library for identification. By specifically identifying organic membrane foulants, optimum cleaning and pretreatment recommendations may be made to ensure the best possible Reverse Osmosis system performance.
PWT technicians provide standardized biological analyses to identify specific types of biological growth and their relative aggressiveness. The standardized testing, when used in conjunction with professional microscopic analysis, is used to identify heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, slime forming bacteria, iron-reducing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, fluorescent psuedomonads, and other microbiological growth. Such information is valuable for optimizing a cleaning regimen and pretreatment methods for membrane separation processes.
In addition to a standard Scanning Electron Microscopy, PWT`s backscatter electron imaging (BSE) capabilities give technicians a unique advantage in evaluating particle structures. Backscatter Electron Imaging distinguishes between particles based on atomic weight (the darker the particle image, the heavier the atomic weight). Scanning Electron Microscopy and Backscatter Electron Imaging, when combined with PWT`s unique Targeted Energy Dispersion X-Ray Analysis, is a valuable tool in determining specific membrane scale and foulants so membrane cleaning and pretreatment may be optimized.
PWT technicians use microscopic analysis in conjunction with other analyses such as SEM, T-EDXA, and biological analyses to identify membrane foulants. Once membrane foulants have been identified, optimum cleaning methodology and chemicals may be tested. Further, ideal membrane pretreatment strategies may be implemented to reduce future fouling problems.
Professional Water Technologies provides membrane cleaning services for 4 inch and 8 inch polyamide thin-film composite and cellulose acetate membranes. Membranes are cleaned in either 1M or 2 M (one membrane or two membranes) vessels so cross contamination and setback are minimized. All membrane cleaning services are guaranteed to be satisfactory using PWT Membrane Cleaning Chemicals
In the development and design phases of a new Reverse Osmosis plant, it may be beneficial to run a pilot testing plant. PWT offers custom in-house and off-site pilot testing services and technical assistance to ensure optimum system design and performance.
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