International Water and Sanitation Centre Bolt, Shordt, de Jong: IRC White Paper: Hygiene Behaviour

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Hygiene Behaviours Sustain Over time

Author            :Eveline Bolt, Kathleen Shrodt, Dick de Jong

Designation    :Senior Researchers

Company        :IRC

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Synopsis

Research has shown that hygiene behaviours do change as a result of hygiene promotion. Already in 1984 Feachem concluded that hygiene promotion can reduce morbidity by 14 to 48%. What is still largely unknown is whether these changes in hygiene behaviour are sustained over time or whether people slide back into ‘old behaviour’ once they are no longer in contact with or supported by programme staff. Little is also known about factors influencing the sustainability of changes in hygiene behaviour. In a combined effort to help fill these knowledge gaps six organisations from Ghana, India, Kenya, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Uganda undertook a three-year research programme. Technical support and programme management provided by the IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Three groups of hygiene behaviours were studied:

Hand washing;
Latrine - use and maintenance;
Household hygiene.

Questions addressed in this paper include: After a hygiene promotion programme ends, are hygiene practices continued in the household and community? How should we design projects for lasting effect? Are investments in hygiene promotion effective? The research data demonstrated that hygiene behaviours are sustained beyond the end of an intervention. The issue was investigated from two points of view. If hygiene behaviours are sustained, then we would expect to see that: Practices would not be more prevalent in communities where the interventions ended more recently (for example, in 2000) than in communities where the interventions ended earlier (1998 or before). The behaviours continue undiminished through the two data collection periods (i.e. from 2001 to 2002).

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